Horse powered machines

Optogenetic skeletal muscle-powered adaptive biological machines.

Complex biological systems sense, process, and respond to their surroundings in real time. The ability of such systems to adapt their behavioral response to suit a range of dynamic environmental signals motivates the use of biological materials for other engineering applications. As a step toward forward engineering biological machines (bio-bots) capable of nonnatural functional behaviors, we c...

Three-dimensionally printed biological machines powered by skeletal muscle.

Combining biological components, such as cells and tissues, with soft robotics can enable the fabrication of biological machines with the ability to sense, process signals, and produce force. An intuitive demonstration of a biological machine is one that can produce motion in response to controllable external signaling. Whereas cardiac cell-driven biological actuators have been demonstrated, th...

Diesel-Powered Machines and Equipment: Essential Uses, Economic Importance and Environmental Performance

A modular approach to the design, fabrication, and characterization of muscle-powered biological machines.

Biological machines consisting of cells and biomaterials have the potential to dynamically sense, process, respond, and adapt to environmental signals in real time. As a first step toward the realization of such machines, which will require biological actuators that can generate force and perform mechanical work, we have developed a method of manufacturing modular skeletal muscle actuators that...

Powered Wheelchairs

This document gives information about the usage of wheelchairs based on renewable energy systems. The renewable energy systems which are discussed in this paper are batteries and solar panels. It also gives a report on the efficiency and durability of batteries and solar panels.Explanatory material is followed by a worked example and problems with answers. ————————————————————